Skiving-machine.



L. W. G. FLYNT.

SEWING MACHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED APR. 26. 1900.

1,015,882, Patented Jan. 30, 1912 9 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Swvamtoz:

L. W. G. FLYNT.

SKIVING MACHINE.

APPLIUATIOH FILED 133.26, 1906. 1,01 5,882, Patepted Jan. 30, 1912.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' A nu 5 H ML I 6 JV" v L. W. G. FLYNT.

SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APB.26,1906.

1,015,882. Patented Jan. 30, 1912.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

L. W. G. PLYNT.

EKIVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 26, 1906.

s C k 6 Patented Jan. 30, 1912 9 SHEETS-SHEET 4 in v 1 1 H m a L Kw 1.

L. W. G. FLYNT.

SKIVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR 26, 1906.

1,015,882. Patented Jan. 30, 1912.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

ax) Quin/4414 013.

M 44 3; 0m fitter/nu g- L. w. G. FLYNT.

SKIVING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 26, 1906.

1,01 5,882. Patented Jan. 30, 1912.

9 SHBETE-BHEET 6.

m awwwtozx L. W. G. FLYNT.

SKIVING MACHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED APR. 26, 1900,

1,015,882. Patented Jan. 30, 1912.

9 SHEETS--SHBET 'T.

I L J S f 311mm 11 l'oz wit memes:

L. W. G. FLYNT.

SKIVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR 2a, 1906.

1,01 5,882. Patented Jan. 30, 1912.

9 SHEETS-SKEBT 8.

L. W. G. FLYNT.

SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 2B, 1906.

Patented Jan. 30, 1912.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

CQQQ'. 15

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS W. G. FLYNI, 01 B003 BER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB TO QUENTIN W. BOOTH AND IRVING E. I- l O'I'H, BOTH OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

SKIVING-HACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 30, 1912.

Application filed April 26, 1808. Serial No. 813,775.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS W. G. Fmm'r,

a subject of Great Britain, residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Skiving- Machines, of which the following isa specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

The present invention relates to an ml proved skiving machine desi ed mo particularly for the skiving of t e edges of leather for use in the manufacture of boots or shoes. The invention, however, is not necessarily limited to this particular use as the same may be employed for skiving leather or other material for use in various arts. It-is therefore to be understood that while I have referred to the inventionas a leather skiving machine and have suggested a particular use for which it is intended I do not wish to be limited to such particular useful ap lication. several (1130181115 classes of machine have heretofore been employed, each type having its own particular characteristic,such as the fixed knife machine; the belt knife machine, and the rotary disk knife skiving machine.

The present invention pertains to the latter class of skiving machines, that is to say, to that class wherein a rotary disk knife is employed as distinguished from a stationary knife although some of the features of the invention can undoubtedly be used with other types of machines and so with beneficial results.

Heretofore in machines of the particular class wherein rotary circular knives are employed, it is necessar to have a work support and these work supports have been employed in addition to their function of supportin the material to be skived, also as a feeding device for progressively presenting the stock to the knife. As far as I am now advised, commercially the usual practice has been to simultaneously operate the knife and the work support, the same In the art of skiving,

One of the characteristics of thepresent invention is to provide a machine whereby the knife can be maintained at its maximum or proper speed of rotation at all times and in connection therewith the .work support and feed can be independently governed or varied in its movement, thereby overcoming the obf'ections to the machines heretofore in use. t has been the practice heretofore in connection with the use of machines of this type to vary the inclination of the knife relatlve to the work support either b inclining the knife or the support when t e angle of the skive is to be Varied. Such adjustments have necessitated the adjustment of at least two and in many cases a greater number of parts sb as to preserve requisite thickness of the edges of the skive.

My present invention includes means for avoiding the necessity of adjustin a lurality of parts when the angle of t e s ive 18 to be changed and consists generally in means for effecting this adjustment by the movement of a single part or member, at the same time preserving the desired or requisite thickness of edge of the material.

With the rotary disk skiving knife heretofore in use, as far as I am now advised, all machines necessitated a construction whereby certain parts were required to be adjusted longitudinally of the machine, that is from left to right. This was particularly true in connection with the gaging member.

My present machine is designed to avoid the necessity of all longitudinally movable members and this is accomplished by so constructing the machine that a fixed gaging part may be employed and the requisite angular adjustments are efl'ected from a point coincident with the gaging surface and the vertical axial plane of the work support.

A further object of the invention is to produce a skiving machine which will do the work rapidly; in which the adjustments can be easily made, and which will require but little skill on the part of the user to effect the various adjustments and in operating the machine.

A further object is to so construct the work support that as the opening or space between it and the circular knife is varied from the minimum to the maximum angles or vice versa the said s ace or opening will, in all positions be regu ar from the narrow end to the larger so that a straight bevel can be cut from the work as distinguished from the curved bevel heretofore roduced.

Heretofore in machines 0 this class having a circular'knife and in which the work is supported and fed by the surface of a revolving cylinder or cone, the opening between the knife and work support is such from the narrowest to the widest portion that a straight bevel cannot be cut from the work, but the space opens from the narrow to the wider portion in'a steadily increasing ratio depending upon the diameter of the knife and that of the work support. The effect of this, more noticeable on a wide scarf, is to bevel or skive the material operated upon to a curved section as shown in Fig. 17 instead of a straight bevel as shown in Fig. 18 as is usually desirable.

It'is obvious that the narrower the scarf or bevel and the larger in diameter the knife and work support, the nearer to a straight linewill b the beveled cut. In practice the size of the knife is limited by the difficult and expense of manufacturing a large kni e so that it will run accurately, and the size of the work sup ort by the convenience of feeding the wor and the expense of large rolls. To partly overcome this difficulty is has been common to construct skiv ing machines so that the knife and the gage can be moved longitudinally in relation to each other and to the work support to bring the center of the knife as near as may be to the middle of the cut, but this is only an approximation to the desired result. In my improved machine I have entirely overcome this difficulty by forming the work support so that a section through its axis would s ow the surface to be formed to a curve of a shape that would be generated by the intersection of the revolving work support with the circular knife when the work support is adjusted to its least angle with the knife, the knife being lowered while in working position, to intersect the surface of the work support.

A further improvement consists in the provision of improved means for grinding the knife both on its up er inclined surface as well as the lower surFace. Y

A further object is to provide an improved means for mounting the knife shaft in its bearings so as to maintain the same in its true position and avoid the result of lateral strain from the driving means which has heretofore caused undue wearing of the knife shaft and its bearin s. The construction also enables the kni e shaft to be revolved at a very high rate of speed.

Various other improvements and advantages will presently be stated in connection with the description of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings, I have shown a machine embodying the invention but I desire it understood that the invention is not limited to the specific details illustrated and presently to be described, as various modifications, changes, and alterations in the parts can be made and substituted for those shown without in the least departing from the general nature and principle of the invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine showing the supporting base in section, Fig. 2 is a side elevation looking from left to right of the machine as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a plan view, Fig. 4 is a cross section taken on the line 4:4: of Fig. 1 looking up, Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on the line 55 of Fig. 3, Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken on the line 66 of Fig. 1, F ig. 6 a section of the lateral adjusting means, Fig. 6 is a detail of the grinder crank, Fig. 7 is an elevation looking from right to left of the machine as shown in Fig. 1 and showing parts of the work support and actuating means and the casing thereabove in section, Fig. 8 is a somewhat enlarged sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 3 and showing parts in elevation. Fig. 9 is a plan view showing parts in section taken on the line 99 of Fig. 1, Fig. 10 represents the various parts of the gage and resser finger in perspective and separat Fi 11 is an elevation showing parts in section of the vertical adjusting means for the head, Fig. 12 is an enlarged detail view partly in section of the work sup ort and its associated parts,

Fi 13 is an en arged sectional view of the knife and its sup outing parts, Fig. 13 an edge view of the knife, Fig. 14 is a view in plan showing parts in section on the line 1-14 of Fig. 13, Fig. 15 is an elevation showing parts of a modified form of sharp encr attachment, and Figs. 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 are diagrammatic views illustrative of the method of operation and the result of the various adjustments and operations.

In the draw1ngs,A designates the supporting surface or bench, B the base of the machine and C the head. This head member is provided with a lateral arm C and in its construction is independent of the base member B. On the head member C is mounted on a vertical shaft D the circular swinging knife D, the said shaft working in a suitably and conveniently arranged vertical bearing part C on the lateral arm C, the details of which knife and its support will be hereinafter described.

Mounted in the base part B of the machine in a manner presently to be described is located the adjustable work support S, the same being positioned below the plane of the knife D the vertical plane of its axis being coincident with the foremost point of the cutting ed e of the knife as shown in Fig. 2. To e ect a vertical adjustment of the knife relative to the support as well as for properly positioning the knife transversely relative to the support so that the machine may be properly adjusted for varying the amount of material to be skived from the stock as well as to compensate for the wear of the knife, I conveniently form the head carrying the knife independent of the base B and couple the same for relative vertical adjustment in the following manner. Springing from the upper face of the base B is a tubular extension B which extension passes through a cylindrical bearing C formed in the head part C. This bearing is so proportioned that a close running fit produced between the tubular extension B and the bearing, thus avoiding any lateral movement between the same. The end of the bearing (1 is extended slightly above the end of the extension B as shown i Fig. 5. C* designates a head block having a cylindrical portion fitted loosely in the upper end of the'extension B and an outwardly extended flange portion overla ping and normally resting on the upper go of the bearing C Threaded into thecylindrical part of the block 0* is a tube member 0? extending through the extension B and through an opening in the base B to-a int below the plane of the base. This to ular member carries on its lower end a block C conveniently threaded to the tube and between v.this block and the lower surface of the base B is interposed, and surrounded by a depending tubular part C of the base, a coil spring C the tendency of which is to tightly force the flange of the head block C onto the surrounding edge of the bearing C of the head thereby maintaining the head normally-in its position relative to the base. To adjust the head vertically and thereby elevate the knife relative to the work support, a suitable collar C is interposed be tween the upper face of the base adjacent the lower end of the tubular extension B and the lower edge of the bearing C. This collar is formed conveniently with two oppositely arranged inclined upper bearing faces upon which rest complementary inclined bearing faces 0 at the base of the bearing part0. This collar is made to fit the lower part of-the tubular extension B and to bc movable around the same, which movement may be conveniently effected by a handle 0 extending from the collar or by any other suitable means. handle backward or forward, the complementary inclines c are caused to move up or down the inclines on the collar as the case may be and thereby effect the vertical movement of the head, the spring C tendi at all times to draw the head downwai g In practice the complementary inclined part c is made in the form of a sleeve or ring having a straight upper face on which the By turning the lower edge of the bearing C rests, as shown in Fig. 11. This ring is prevented from rotating by any suitable means conveniently by a pin or pins or lugs extending out from the tubular extension B into vertical grooves a formed in the inner face of the ring. By this means the ring is permitted an up and down movement but is prevented from rotating with the collar C while at the same time the head may be rotated to vary the lateral position of the knife relative to the work support without in any manner afiecting its vertical position. have found it convenient to surround the joint between. the head and the base at the point where the collar is positioned, by a sleeved member C through which the handle projects into the collar C The upper edge vof this sleeved member is chamfered ofl and is provided with a scale registering .with a suitable indicating mark on the head, as shown in Fig. 1. By this means the operator can adjust the head up or down according to the thickness of the stock to be treated and the extent of adjustment desired ascertained by reference to the scale.

To effect the lateral adjustment of the knife relative to the work support any suitable means can be employed. I however have shown a means suitable for this purpose which consists conveniently in a thumb screw E"mounted for rotation and slight swinging movement in a pin or post e springing from the upper surface of the base B, as shown in Fig. 6. This thumb screw is supported against longitudinal movement by a sleeve 6 and a nut 6 the former being nut e The inner end of the thumb screw E passes through a threaded opening in the end of a vertically movable pin E mounted in a socket e in the lateral arm of the head, as shown in Fig. 6. By turning the thumb screw, the head is swung on its ivot while at the same time the vertical adustment of the head is permitted by the loose connection between the same and the pin E It will be noted that the thumb nut e is in a convenient position for handling by the operator while standing at the front of the machine. When the head has been properly adjusted either vertically or laterally it is locked in position against acci dental movement by the binding screw E (Fig. 5) mounted in a threaded aperture in the wall of the head with its end resting against a friction block E of any convenient material. This friction block when forced in engages the wall of the tubular extension B. j

I will now describe the circular knife. its manner of mounting and the driving mechanism therefor. In Fig. 13 the knife and its supporting shaft are illustrated, the latter being in elevation while the former is shown held in position by the thumb in section. As stated, it is highly desirable to prevent as far as possible lateral strains on the knife shaft. This is particularly so in view of the fact that these knives are driven at a very high rate of speed. The knife D is mounted and carried by the vertically disposed shaft D which in turn is extended through and carried by the outer end of the lateral arm 0' of the head. The shaft D has shrunk onto or otherwise secured to its lower end a knife carrying disk (1, which is of concaved formation on its under side. This disk is provided with a cylindrical extension (l fitted in the socket in a depending extension of the lateral arm C and is there permitted rotation. The lower end of the shaft carries a screw :1 entering longitudinally in a screw threaded bore therein and between a washer (l in the head of the screw is placed the knife D and there secured. D designates a bushing secured in the bore of the lateral arm C and forming a bearing for the lower end of the shaftto rotate in, while a similar bushing D is secured in the upper end of the bore of the lateral arm and projects a distance above the same. Surrounding the upper end of the bushing and secured thereto is a metal ring (i upon which rests a bearing sleeve (i This bearing sleeve is conveniently of hard metal and supports on its upper end a series of rollers d held in position by suitable rings d arranged above the upper end of the bushing D The shaft D has a nut (i screwed onto the upper end and below the nut is the bearing plate or disk d resting on the top of the balls cl. Thus a ball bearing support is formed against the downward thrust of the knife which bearing can be easily adjusted by virtue of the nut (i Surrounding the projecting end of the bushing D are two ball bearings d, d arranged one above the other and spaced somewhat apart. D designates the pulley or sleeve upon which the driving belt D is placed. This sleeve is somewhat elongated and embraces substantially the entire extension of the bushing D as well as the upper end of the shaft. The upper end of the sleeve or pulley D is tapped by a cap piece D conveniently rigid thereon. Through the center of the cap loosely passes a retaining screw (Z entering the upper end of the shaft D. To transmit the motion from the pulley to the shaft and to free the shaft in its rotation from all lateral strain due to the driving means, a yoke member D is placed on the upper end of the shaft which latter is squared off on opposite sides and enters an elongated slot (P in the yoke. This yoke is provided on opposite sides with oppositely arranged inclined parts or edges d al with which engage depending pins d secured fixedly to the cap D, as shown in Figs. 13 and 14. Power is transmitted to the pulley D through the belt D in a direction at right angles to the shaft. The pressure of the belt on the pulley is taken up by the extended end of the bushing through the ball bearings with which the inner surface of the pulley engages, the shaft being supported on a ball bearing and by virtue of the sliding yoke D the shaft with relation to the pulley is automatically relieved of lateral strain and is rotated by the contacts of the pins d and with the inclined parts of the yoke. Manifestly, should the pulley be slightly off center, with the shaft, the pin on one side of the yoke riding up the adjacent incline carries the yoke over until engagement is made with the opposite pin, thus forming a flexible self-adjusting coupling through which the motion of the belt is transmitted to the shaft.

\Vhile I have specifically shown and re ferred to ball bearings which are highly desirable, in view of the fact that the knife is rotated at a very high rate of speed, yet it is to be understood that other forms of bearing can be employed if desired. In fact the driving connection between the pulley and the shaft is in its nature a floating drive and when this term is employed I desire it understood that it refers to that type of transmission wherein the driven member is relieved of all strains except torsion.

F designates the driving shaft of the machine. This shaft is positioned centrally in the tube C and has secured fixedly to its upper end a driving pulley F around which the belt is passed. The pulley F is conveniently of shell formation, its peripheral part extending down and containing the upper ends of the bearing and the head block above referred to, and a steel washer or bearing plate f resting on a ball bearing f. This ball bearing rests with its under side on the outer ring f of a laterally placed ball bearing f surrounding the upper end of the shaft. The bearing f is positioned in a recess in the head block C and serves to receive the lateral pressure on the shaft F, while the bearing f serves as a support for the shaft and its pulley. The lower end of the shaft F passes through a ball bearing F located in the block C at the lower end of the projection C of the base.

G designates a driving pulley keyed to the lower end of the shaft F and having its periphery conveniently provided with a plurality of belt grooves, as shown in Fig. 5. Motion being imparted to the shaft through a suitable belt applied to the pulley G, the same is transmitted to the driving pulley F thence through the belt D to the pulley D, to the shaft of the cutter or knife, which is thereby rotated at a very high rate of speed. the relative diameters of the pulleys D and F being such as to impart to the former its rapid rotation.

By the above described construction, it will be observed that the circular knife with its immediate driving parts is carried entirely by what I have termed the head of the machine and that the adjustments vertically and laterally relative to the work support are effected by the adjustment of the head and so without disturbing any other parts of the machine. This is of importance inasmuch as it renders the operation of adjustment exceedingly simple, quickly effected, and very positive, at the same time the position of the driving parts or bearings are undisturbed during the various adjustments.

In this type of machine it is necessarv, or at least highly desirable, to haveiassociated with the mechanism suitable grinding means for maintaining the cuttingedge of the circular knife in proper condition. With this in view, I have extended from the rear part of the outer end of the lateral arm C two lugs H and H spaced apart and provided with suitable registering apertures in which latter is secured a cylindrical pin 'H*.

H designates a yoke having its respective horizontal arms provided with apertures sleeved on the pin H the lowermost being below the lug H, while the up er arm of the yoke is positioned between the lugs. A spring h is sleeved on the pin H below the upper arm of the yoke and serves to maintain the yoke in its intermediate position 'free to move for a short distance upward.

Extending back from the yoke is an arm h as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5 and in full lines in Fig. 6. This arm is provided with an oblong vertical slot it through which the adjusting shaft H passes, the outer or rear end of the shaft being capped by a suitable nut h loosely engaging the slotted arm k The shaft H passes through the lateral arm, as shown in Fig. 6, and carries on its opposite end a hand lever h", Figs. 3 and 6. On the rear end of the shaft H and between its bearing on the lateral arm and the slotted arm k of the yoke is.positioned a bifurcated crank arm h, the same extending toward the yoke and has a square opening fitting a squared part of the shaft H, to prevent turning thereon. On the inner face of the yoke is a pin or lug I! located in the bifurcationv of the crank arm 71. By this means the operator, by raising the lever h" rocks the crank arm and forces the yoke H down against the tension of the supporting spring. The arm h extending from the yoke in connection with shaft H and nut Ir is designed to prevent the yoke from rotating on the vertically disposed pin it and does not interfere with the up and down movement of the yoke, owing to the elongated slot in its rear portion and the loose fit of the end of shaft H therein.

Extending from the outer face of the yoke H is a projection H having tubular extensions h extending on opposite sides and rigid therewith. These extensions and the projection H are arranged oblique to the vertical plane of the machine and carry a shaft H", which shaft carries on its lower end the emery wheel or grinding disk H and the belt pulley H at its upper end, both keyed'to the shaft in any convenient manner. The position of the emery wheel and its carrying parts is such that as the arm h is elevated, depressing theyoke and the parts carried thereby, the edge of the emery wheel or grinding disk will be brought into the proper position and by virtue of the angular position to the cutting edge of the disk, will serve to grind and sharpen the cutting edge of the disk during the latters rotation. The moment the operator releases his hand from the lever h the spring will carry the grinding disk up out of its plane of operation in contact with the rotary knife.

In this class of machines, it is necessary to remove the so-called feather edge from the rotary knife after the same has been round and the practice heretofore has been usually for the operator to place a stone or grinding device up against the under face of the disk. It has been found in practice that this is objectionable owing to the fact that it is quite diflicult to place the grinding device in proper position relative to the under surface of the disk without affecting or destroying the edge to a certain extent. To avoid this, I have provided a self-centering grinding block which is shown more particularly in Fig. 2, the same being designated by the letter I. This feather edge grinder consists conveniently of a block of abrasive material carried by the holder I, which latter has a socket in its lower face into which is loosely fitted a pin 2' having a rounded upper end and being carried by a bracket i extending from the lug H to which it is fixedlv secured. The upper face of the feather edge grinder is conveniently flat and as the operator depresses the handle h, thus raising the yoke H. it brings the upper face of the feather edge grinder into contact with the under face of the outer edge of the rotary knife and, owing to the fact that it is loosely supported on the pin 2 subject to lateral wabble or play, the grinding surface will find its level when brought into contact with the disk and thus properly remove the so-called feather edge without the danger of in any way destroying the cutting edge of the disk. This what I shall term floating grinder is an important feature as completely overcoming the objections heretofore referred to. Should it be found necessary to adjust the feather edge grinder, up or down, this can be readily accomplished by means of a set screw 1' passing through the lower part of the supporting bracket 2' and which is adjustable thereby on the bracket iron or rod, as shown in Fig. 2.

To rotate the emery wheel H and to throw it in and out of action, I provide the following means: The lower part of the periphery of the driving pulley F is grooved slightly as shown at j and in this groove is placed the driving beltv J which passes over the pulley H on the end of the emery disk shaft. This belt is arranged conveniently loose and is carried and supported by a flange or circular plate K loosely supported for rotation on the head C in any convenient manner, as shown in Fig. 5. The diameter of the plate is greater than that of the pulley, thus forming a rest or ledge for the slackened belt. The plate K is rotatable and has a projecting arm k, at one side upon the upper surface of which is pivoted an idler pulley k; the same being positioned outside the belt, as shown in Fig. 3. designates a. finger pin depending from the plate K and intended as a handle by which the operator can oscillate the plate backward and forward, carrying the idler pulley k into and out of contact with the belt J. K designates a spring catch or pin mounted in a projection on the head and having its upper end resting against the bottom of the plate K. In the plate K is formed a series of apertures is properly spaced so that, as the plate is oscillated to remove the idler pulley from the belt, the pin K will projectinto one of the apertures, thereby limiting the outward movement of the idler ulley. When it is desired to tighten the Belt. the operator presses the locking pin down, moves the plate K to force the idler pulley is into contact with the belt and when the pulley has sufliciently tightened the belt, the spring pin engages the other slot or opening in in the plate and thus locks the belt in its tightened position causing the same to drive the grinding disk. In practice, I have found it desirable to have a supplemental idler pulley K arranged on the outside of the belt opposite the other idler or tightening pulley. This pulley K is secured to the tubular extension of the lug H, the same being carried by a pin or arm, as shown in Fig. 3. This latter pulley may be designated as a guiding pulley only. As soon as the operator adjusts the oscillating carrying plate so as to throw the belt tightener pulley out the belt will rest on the projecting edge of the oscillating plate.

It is to be observed that the means above i all be effected promptly and easily without disturbing the other parts of the machine. Of course it is to be understood that other means can be employed for limiting the movement of the oscillating disk. The rela tive positions of the belt groove in the pulley F, and the supporting plate K is such that when the belt is slackened it is always in a position to enter the groove upon being tightened.

In this type of machine, it has been found desirable to have a power-driven work support so that the same will in effect constitute in addition to its function of supporting the stock, also a feed for the work. The usual practice has heretofore been to drive this work support by suitable 'gearing so associated with the driving mechanism for the cutter that the same are moved together or at the sameinterval of time and when the movement of one is checked itefi'ects or checks the movement of the other member. This is objectionable for reasons stated. It is also desirable to avoid any intermittent feed or movement of the work support. In the present invention I have provided a work support and feed which may be controlled in its operative movements by the operator without in the least affecting the actuation of the circular knife. n the front side of the base I have formed housing L having a longitudinal chamber L in which is" mounted a carrier L. This carrier, in the preferred form of construction, consists conveniently of a metal block having a. longitudinal extension L formed at opposite ends with suitable bearings located within the chamber L. Passing through the bearing in the extension L and through a bearing in the block proper is a shaft M having keyed or otherwise secured to its outer end the work support S, while on the opposite end is secured a gear m. The teeth of this gear are chamfered or beveled from the vertical 'centerstoward their outer edges, as shown more particularly in Fig. S and the gear is maintained or held in position by a nut m on the end of the shaft M. By removing the nut the shaft M including the work support can be withdrawn from the carrier. The sides of the carrier L are fastened to fit closely the sides of the chamber L at the left hand end thereof so that the carrier is prevented from moving laterally.

To mount the carrier for tilting movement, I conveniently form in the rear side of the head part thereof a curved channel Z, the curvature thereof being struck from a point as its center designated at X, Figs. 8.

i and 12. This point is coincident with the front face of the gage, presently to be described, and the vertical central plane of the carrier. On the rear wall of the chamber adjacent the head of the carrier is iermed a curved guiding flange 1 fitting in the channel or groove 1 and forming a bearing for the carrier and permitting a pivotal or tilting movement around the center at'the point X. To effect this tilting movement and maintain the carrier in its difi'erenttilted positions, I secure on the rear wall of the-chamber L a rack bar L the same being curved to conform to the tilting movement of the carrier and in connection with this rack bar a pinion L is placed with teeth engaging the rack bar, the pinion being located at the rear of the extended arm L of the carrier as shown in Fig. 8 and is carried on a transverse shaft l passing through the extension L and through an elongated slot L in a removable front plate of the chamber L. The end of the shaft 1' has splined thereon a hand wheel 1, the shaft passin through the end thereof and being capped y a butterfly 11113 1' whose inner surface bears on the ban wheel I so that by turning the nut the shaft is held from rotation, the same binding the face of the hand wheel tightl against the outer face of the casing. gbviously by loosening the nut and turning the hand wheel the shaft carrying the same may be turned and in turnin rotates the pinion secured on its inner end and causes the same to travel up or down the rack bar, thus elevating or lowering the extension L through which the shaft 1 ispassed. To actuate or drive the work support, I provide a construction, better shown in Fig. 7, the same consisting of a vertically disposed shaft N which is supported in a tubular part n on the base B, a hearing at bein provided at the upper end and a similar earing n at the lower end of the tubular part n. The shaft is held against unnecessar downward movement b the lower end 0 a worm sleeve 0 which is keyed or otherwise secured fixedly to its up er end, the worm thereof engaging with the teeth of the gear mon the work su port shaft. M. At the lower end of the slihft N is secured fixedly a shouldered disk 0', the attachment being acquired in any convenient manner. The lower face of the disk is provided conveniently with a friction disk 0 the under face of which is adapted to engage the upper face of the driving pulley O loosely mounted on the lower end of the shaft N. This driving ulley has a grooved periphery and a depen ing conical point 0 normally resting on a lever P having a link connection with a suitable treadle (not shown,) Fig. 1. The pulley O is belted to the main driving pulley by a suitable belt 0 and as the operator places his foot on the treadle throwing u the inner end of the lever P, the pulley 8 is elevated bringing its upper face into contact with the friction disk 0 on the disk 0" carried by'the shaft N and thereby causes the shaft to rotate. In practice it has been found that when the operator forces the frictional surfaces into contact a very rapid speed would be transmitted through the worm at the end of the shaft to the work sup ort. This is objectionable in that the eedin the first instance of operation should be gradual and increased with the proper osltion of the work. To avoid this sud en full speed movement being transmitted to the feed, I provide a drag or brake Q, the same being in the form of a pin located in a vertical recess in a collar or block Q secured adjustably to the lower end of the tube 1:. This pin is spring ressed by having a spiral spring inter ose etween its rear end and the block. this means the operator in forcing the riction surfaces into contact forces the pulley O and the disk 0 slightly u the drag or brake having a retarding e ect sufficient to prevent the full actuation of the feed until the frictional contact is made suflicientiiv stron to overcome vthe friction of the rag or rake.

In constructing the feed wheel or work support, I have found it desirable to depart somewhat from the lpractice heretofore employed, so that the skive or out may be made straight as distinguished from a curve or bend, as shown in Figs. 17 and 18. To accomplish this, the surface of the support is slightly concaved the curvature corresponding essentially or substantially wit-h the curve of the knife or cutter. When the forwardmost point of the latter is directly above the center lane of the sup ort, that is to say from t e oint where t e cutter first acts on the stoc the support is gradually curved upward the difference in diameter being constant throughout the circumference of the sup ort at the different points of increase, caused by the concaving of the surface. The curve of the support is, as I have above stated, of a shape such as would be generated by the intersection of the revolving work support with the circular knife when the work support is adjusted to its least angle -with the knife. The sha of this work support can probably better stated when it is considered that the are usually made of cast iron and that in orming the surface it might be well to su se that the knife was supplanted by a mil ing cutter. If this were done the work support should be adjusted to its least angle with the revolving cutter, which latter would then be lowered into active posit-ion and mill oil the surface of the support. I shall term this peculiarly shaped support in the definition of the invention as having a surface of concaved form, meaning thereby -a curved surface having an increasing diameter toward its outer end, the increment being governed by the diameter of the revolving nife. The advantage of such a construction is that as the work is presented to the knife the outer edge is properly resented as to thickness while the receding part of the knife when acting on the material meets with that part of the material which has a support formed by the increased diameter of the outer part of the work support. This is diagrammatically illustrated in Figs. 19 and 20.

R designates the work gage which is secured fixedly to the upper outer edge of the carrier L This gage has its edge projecting slightly above the surface of the work support and lies close to the edge thereof so that in the various adjustments the position of the work support and the gage are always constant. Manifestly this gage can be supported in any convenient manner but in practice I have found it desirable to fixedly secure it to the carrier, the rear end of the gage terminating at or near the vertical central plane of the carrier.

In this t pe of machine, it is necessary to have what is termed in this art a presser finger, for maintaining the work in proper position on the feed and work support. In the preferred embodiment of my invention, I have shown a presser finger which consists of a curved arm T pivoted at the rear end of the head part of the carrier as at t and working in a channel or groove 23' extending toward the work support. The outer end of this finger member is carried upward and has an offset t on one side extending forward through which a suitable screw 15 is threaded, the lower end of which normally rests on a projection t conveniently extending from the gage plate R, as shown in Fig. 12. By turning the set screw 1", the presser finger may be raised and lowered. To properly tension the pressed finger, the screw bolt T is loosely passed through the said screw t and carries on its lower end a spiral spring i the upper end of which abuts the proyection t while its lower end abuts a head onthe screw. The upper end of the screw has a suitable thumb nut T thereon which by turning varies the pull of the spring on the presser finger bar. To properly position the presser finger relative to the different types or characters of work, I conveniently make the same of what I shall term a floating or tilting character, the same consisting of a curved presser finger proper, as at T, having a curvature corresponding with that of the edge of the disk knife and having two upwardly extending lugs T and T between which the projecting arm T of the presser finger bar is placed and there secured by a pivot t. This pivotal arrangement is such that lateral pressure is resisted and the pressure of the spring t is exerted directly on the presser finger through the pivot and the arm or projection T, while at the same time the fin er will tilt to accommodate itself to the di erent characters or thicknesses of work at the same time exerting a constant pressure on the work throughout the entire length of the fin er.

In machines 0 this character, it has been customary heretofore to supply or provide a guard disk to assist in feedingl the work but in my present construction I that it is unnecessary to ositively drive or rot-ate such disks. With t is in view, I have provided an extension U on the carrier which has at its upper end a cylindrical bearing u. In this hearing is positioned a shaft U, the same being keyed or held in adjusted position in a bearing u b a clamping mechanism, as shown at u, t e latter consisting of a ball which is forced out by a set screw u into close engagement with the surrounding walls or bearing u. At the outer end of the shaft or rod U is the bearing sleeve U in which the shaft u of the guard disk U is mounted. The upper end of the shaft it supports a ball u which in turn is backed by a spring u, the tension of which is adjusted by a thumb nut u", as shown in Fig. 8. By means of the clam ing mechanism the guard disk can be ad usted an larly about the axis of the shaft U and a so longitudinally in the bearing u thus allowing the selection offthe most advantageous point of contact with the work support and a apting the disk for use with work supports of various widths, the guard disk being maintained in this position relative to the work support owing to its being carried by the work support carrier. The disk is rotated solely by the movement of the work support and the friction created between the same and the work as it passes to the knife.

In Fig. 15, I have shown a slightly modified form of grinding attachment, the same differing from the one heretofore described in that a simultaneous movement toward the cutter is efi'ected. To accomplish this, I secure on the head of the machine a small pinion W which meshes with a rack on the ave found slotted arm W of the spring actuated yoke and serving as a support for the arm by a transverse pin 10*. By this means the operator by turning the pinion W, through a suitable lever, forces down the emery wheel and raises the feather edge grinder, the spring 10 serving to compensate for any variations between the surfaces and to yieldingly press the grinder w into abrasive contact with the under face of the disk.

In Fig. 13 I have shown a special method of securm the cutting disk in place. These disks, as has heretofore been the practice, were made of steel shaped to form a concaved under face. The disks were rendered very expensive in view of the peculiar shaping required. I have found that'this expense and objection can be overcome by forming the disks erfectly fiat of a single piece of sheet metal and finishing the edges thereof and inasmuch as such flat plates are usually more or less irregular, I'spring the disk into the concaved carrier at. This results in properly straightening out the outer circular edge of the cutter and renders the disk type useful so that the knives when worn out can be replaced at a very small cost. This flat disk construction is shown in Fig. 13 directly belowFig. 13.

In view of the detailed descri tion of the parts and the operation as state in connection with the description, it is thought that the general operation of the machine will be fully understood. It may be stated, however, briefiy to be as follows As the operator presents the material to the cutter the character of the skive is first ascertained, the work support adjusted to vary the inclination of the skive, the knife is then adjusted vertically to secure the desired thickness of edge. The operator then places his foot on the treadle throwing the feed into operation and the material presented to the rapidly revolving knife. The moment the operator wishes to stop the feed he removes his foot from the treadle and the work support ceases to rotate. It will be noticed that the various adjustments can all be made from the front of 'the machine.

As stated in these specifications heretofore, I do notwish to be limited to the constructions shown. Variations can be made and parts can be differently positioned without de arting from the invention.

Having t us described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a skiving machine, the combination with a rotating disk cutter, and means for drivin the same, of a work su port having a driving connection with said cutter driv-' ing means, and means under the control of the operator for governing the movement of the work support while maintaining uniform movement of the cutter.

2. In a skiving machine, the combination with a rotary cutter, means for driving the same at a high rate of speed, of a tlltin work support, means connected with sai driving means for driving the work support, and means under the control of the operator for governing the movement of the work support independent of the movement of the cutter.

3. In a circular knife skiving machine, the combination with a circular knife, means for driving the same at a high rate of speed, a work support, means connected with said driving means for driving the work support, means under the control of the operator for governin the movement of the work support relative to the movement of the km e, and means for adjusting the knife.

4. In a circular knife skiving machine, the combination with a circular knife and means for driving the same at a high rate of speed. of atilting work support, means connected with said driving means for driving the work support, meansunder the control of the operator for governing the movement of the work support independent of the movement of the knife, and means for adjusting the knife to and from the work sup ort.

5. In a circular knife skiving macliinc, the combination with a circular knife, of means for drivin the same at a high rate of s eed, of a rotata 1e work su port, means for riving the same connect with said knife drivin-g means, and means for interru ting the movement of the work support independent of and while the knife is continued in its rotation.

6. In a skiving machine, the combination with a cutter, of a tilting work support, mechanism for rotating the support while in its various positions, means for varying the rotary movement of the work support and connectin mechanism between said rotating mechanism and the cutter acting continuousl during the variable movements of the wor support.

a slaving machine, the combination with a base, of a tilting feed, means for driving the feed, a head, a cutter carried by the head, means for driving the cutter, and means for adjusting the cutter and driving means vertically in relation to the feed.

8. In a skivin machine, the combination with a cutter sha t and its cutter, of a pulley on the shaft, a drivin pulley on the machine, means for simlfitaneously adjusting the cutter and the driving pulley vertically, and means for actuating the drivin pulley.

9. In a skiving machine, the com ination with a base of a vertically movable head on the base fixedl secured against tilting movement, means or effecting the movement of the head, a knife sha t fixedly secured against tilting movement in the head, means for driving the shaft, and means for adjusting the head laterally.

10. In a skivin machine, the combination with a. cutter sha and its cutter, of a ulle on the shaft, a driving pulley, means or a justing the cutter and the driving pulley -the base,

parts 1n their a justed 11. In a skivmg'machme, the combination I with a base, of a vertically movable head on means for effecting the movement of the head, a knife shaft fixedl sulpported against tiltinglmovement in the ea means for driving t e shaft, means for adjusting the head laterall and means for locking the ositions.

12. In a skiving machine, the combination with a rotary cutter, means for adjusting the cutter toward and from the work support, a tilting work sup ort, means for driving the support, means or driving the cutter connected with said support driving means and friction means under the control of the o erator for regulating the movement of t e support whi e permitting the continued movement of the cutter.

13. In a skiving machine, with the cutter and the rotatable work suport, of means for varyilng the relative angufar position between t e cutter and the support from a center approximating the posi the combination passes through the mac ine.

"with a rotatable work support and cutter, of

means for changing the re ative angular position of the support and cutter comprising a support for one of the members having its center of pivotalmovement located adjacent the path of the edge of the stock as it is passed through the machine.

15. In a skiving machine, the combination with a rotatable work support and cutter, means for changing the e ative angular position between the supportand cutter comprising a carrier for one of the members pivotally sup orted from a point adjacent the path of t e edge of the stock as it passes through the machine, and means for maintainin the parts in their adjusted position.

16. n a skiving machine, the combination with a rotary. cutter, of a tiltin rotatable work support having its axis 0 tilting movement at a point at the edge of the path of the stock passing throu the machine, and means for adjusting t e sup ort.

17. In a skiving machine, the com ination with a cutter of a tilting work support pivotally sup orted from a point at the path of the e ge of the stock being treated, means for adjusting the support, and means fornadjusting the cutter vertically and let'- era 18? In a skiving machine, the combination with a cutter, of a tilting work support having its axis of movement positioned at a point adjacent the ath of the edge of the stock being treate means for driving the cutter, means for driving the support, and means for adjusting the cutter vertimeans for locking the parts in fir supporting the tion occupied by the ed e of the stock as-it names:

cally and transversely relative to the suport.

19. In a skiving machine, the combination with a cutter, ofa rotary work support, a gage fixedly secured relative to the suport, and means whereby the relative anguar osition' of the support and cutter may be vaned from a point adjacent to the face of the a e and m substantially the vertical axia ane of the support- 20. n a skiving machine, the combination with a rotary cutter, su port, a gage, adjusting the work sup cutter, said angular a fected from a point ap face of the gage an plane of the support. 21. In a skiving machine, the combination with a cutter or knife, of a tiltable ge. and rotary work supportyand means work support and gage for tilting movement so that the center 0 movement will be about an axis intersecting ap roximately the stock engaging surface 0 the ggge.

22. In a saving machine the combination witha cutter, of a rotary work support, a gage positioned to move with the support and means for tilting the support about a center mp roximating the upper art of the surface 0 the work sup ort an the age.

of a rotary work and means for angularly ort relative to the justment being efroximating the surthe vertical axial 23. In a skiving mac ine, the com inathe upper surface of the face of the age. machine, the com inaof a tiltable carrier, a revolving work support havin a shaft journaled in the carrier means or tilting the carrier, and a guard disk mounted on and carried by the carrier.

25. In a skiving machine, tion with a cutter, work support carrier, means the combineof a tilting carrier, a mounted for rotation on the for driving the work sup ort,

and an adjustable guard .disk carrie r on the carrier.

26. In a skiving machine, the combination with a tilting work support and means for rotating the same, of a spring pressed ard disk freely movable and havin its edge positioned to overlap a portion 0 the work support whereby the movement of the stock through the machine causes the guard to be rotated.

27. In a skiving machine, the combination with a cutter of a tilting carrier, an arm on the carrier, a guard disk stem adjustably mounted in the arm, a spring for forcing the guard disk normally into contact with the stock and a work support on the carrier.

28. In a skiving machine, the combination with a cutter, of a tiltable carrier, 9. rotatable work support having an actuating shaft mounted on said carrier, a rack, means ongaging the rack. for adjusting the carrier into diflerent positions, a drive shaft, a worm on the drive shaft, and a worm wheel on the work support shaft.

29. In a skiving machine, the combination with a cutter and mechanism for driving the same, of a tiltable carrier, a rotatable work support on the carrier, connected mechanism between the cutter driving mechanism and the work su port for actuating the latter, means for a justing the work support during the operation of the cutter and means under the control of the operator for causin a relative variable speed between the worl i support and the cutter.

30. In a skiving machine, the combination with a rotary cutter and mechanism for driving the same, of a tiltable work support, connected mechanism on the machine for driving the work support and the cutter, and means for changing the relative speeds of the cutter and work support during the movement of the cutter.

31. In a skivin machine, the combination with a cutter and a work support, of connected mechanism for simultaneously actuating the same and mechanism whereby the relative movements of the cutter and work support can be varied during the movement of the cutter.

32. In a skiving machine, the combination with a cutter and a work support, of a gage fixedly secured relative to the work sup ort and a presser finger comprising an arm having a pivotal connection at its end, a presser finger at its opposite end, and a yi'eldingly supported adjusting device interposed between the ends, substantially as described.

33. In a skiving machine, the combination with a cutter, of a tilting carrier, means for tilting the carrier, a work support on the carrier, and a rotatable guard carried by the carrier and movable therewith.

34. In a skiving machine, the combination with a disk cutter, of a tiltin carrier, 8. work support on the carrier, a s aft mounted on the carrier and secured to the work support, a gear on the shaft, a worm for actuating said gear and means for pivotally supporting the carrier so that its axis of movement will be at a point adjacent the edge of the path of the stock passing through the machine.

35. In a skivin machine, the combination with a cutter, o a tilting work support, a shaft carrying the work an port, a gear on the shaft, mechanism for driving the gear comprising a friction member, means under the control of the operator for throwing the friction member into active position and connected mechanism between said driving mechanism and the cutter for maintaining the speed of the cutter.

36. In a skiving machine, the combination with a cutter and means for driving the same, of a work support, a shaft carrying the work su port; a gear on the shaft, mechanism for driving the gear comprising a friction member, means under the control of the operator for throwing the friction member into active position, and a brake for checking the primary or starting movement of the friction member.

37. In a skiving machine, the combination with a rotary disk knife and means for driving the same, ofa work support having a supporting surface of gradually increaslng diameters the increment being proportioned to substantially a curve generated by the knife.

38. In a skivin machine, the combination with a rotary dis knife, and means for actuating the same, of a work support adjacent the knife having a concaved supporting surface.

39. In a skivin machine, the combination with a rotar dis knife, of a work support associated t erewith and havin a curved supporting surface the lar er iameter of which is presented toward t e outer edge of the support.

40. Ina skiving machine, the combination with a rotary disk knife and means for driving the same, of a work support located adjacent the knife and projecting'beyond the edge thereof and having a concaved supporting surface of gradually increasing diameter toward the outer edge.

41. In a skivin machine, the combination with a rotary dis knife, of a work support having a supporting surface formed of gradually increasing diameter, the curvature of the surface caused by the increment thereof being enerated to ap roximate the curvature of the knife where y the material being skived will find sup ort beneath the curved cuttin edge of t a knife, substantially throng out the width of the support.

42. In a skivin machine, the combination with a rotary dis knife, of a concaved work support positioned to pro'ect beyond the ,edge of and adjacent to the knife, and a presser finger adjacent the su port.

43. In a skiving machine, t 1e combination with a base, of a head, a knife carried by the head, and a work support carried by the base, of inclined lanes for adjusting the head relative to t e base and independent means for maintaining the head on the base.

44. In a skiving machine, the combination with a base, of a head fixed against tilting movement, a work support carried by the 

